Mono Crystalline Vs. Poly Crystalline Solar PV for Indian Climatic Conditions

With almost 300 sunny days a year, India's geography serves as not only a testing ground but also a catalyst for renewable energy solutions development. The abundance of sunlight amplifies India's potential as a global leader in the renewable energy sector, paving the way for a sustainable future.

September 29, 2023. By News Bureau

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Mono Crystalline

Poly Crystalline

Indian Climatic Conditions

India's diverse climatic conditions create a rich and complex environment for solar energy exploration and innovation. The arid heat of vast deserts, the lush complexity of dense jungles, the frigid challenges of snowy terrains, and the dynamic interplay of extensive coastal areas offer a wide spectrum of photovoltaic (PV) technology.

With almost 300 sunny days a year, India's geography serves as not only a testing ground but also a catalyst for renewable energy solutions development. The abundance of sunlight amplifies India's potential as a global leader in the renewable energy sector, paving the way for a sustainable future.

The Indian photovoltaic market has witnessed significant changes over the years. In the early days of India's solar journey, up until 2020, poly-crystalline (poly) solar cells dominated the market. These cells made up of multiple crystalline structures, were favoured for their cost-effectiveness and adaptability to Indian weather conditions. During this period, mono-crystalline (mono) solar cells were still trying to establish themselves in the market.

However, a shift began to occur, where mono started to gain prominence over poly. Composed of single-crystal structures, mono cells are known for their higher efficiency, sleek design, and potential for greater energy yield. By adapting to India's various climatic regions and providing better performance, mono's market share has surged to about 70 percent currently. This transition marked a shift in consumer preference, driven by the pursuit of more advanced and effective solar solutions.

In contrast, the future for poly seems to be diminishing, with predictions that it will either disappear or be relegated to very minimal use in the coming years. The decline of poly's popularity can be attributed to the technological advancements in mono cells, changing market dynamics, government policies promoting cleaner and more efficient energy, and the growing awareness of renewable energy's importance.

It's noteworthy that both poly and mono cells are P-type solar cells. This technology, once at the forefront of solar energy, is poised to become a thing of the past in the next one or two years. The industry is advancing towards N-type cells, a technology that holds promise for even greater efficiency and reliability.

This ongoing evolution reflects India's commitment to renewable energy and its willingness to adopt the latest technological advancements to meet its ambitious energy goals. The gradual shift from poly to mono, and now the anticipation of N-type technology, underscores the dynamic nature of the Indian solar market. It's a manifestation of a broader vision of innovation, sustainability, and alignment with global best practices.

India's active engagement with solar technology doesn't just signify a domestic transformation; it contributes to global efforts to mitigate climate change. The shift in the solar market within India is not merely a change in technology but a testament to the nation's resolve to forge a sustainable path forward. Through strategic planning, investments in research and development, policy support, and public awareness campaigns, India is not only embracing the presence of solar energy but also shaping its future.

- Manish Shingala, Director, Pahal Solar